Table of Contents:
  • Introduction
  • 1. The Palenquero language : history and scholarship
  • 2. Palenque : language revitalization and evolving linguistic ecology
  • 3. A brief sketch of Palenquero grammar
  • 4. Palenquero-Spanish mixing : Previous observations and new data
  • 5. Palenqueros' thoughts : Language identification tasks
  • 6. Palenqueros talk back: Interactive tasks
  • 7. Palenquero-Spanish mixing and models of language switching
  • 8. Palenquero as a second language: Data and analyses
  • 9. A window into Palenquero-Spanish bilingualism : Grammatical gender
  • 10. Conclusions
  • References
  • Appendix A: Samples of L2 learners' written lengua ri Palenge
  • Appendix B: Examples of written Palenquero in the community
  • Appendix C: Palenquero consultants.