Managing outdoor recreation : case studies in the national parks /
This fully updated second edition presents a conceptual framework of outdoor recreation management in the form of a series of management matrices. It then illustrates this framework through new and updated case studies in the US national parks, and concludes with the principles of outdoor recreation...
Main Authors: | , , |
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Format: | eBook |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wallingford, UK ; Boston :
CABI,
[2017].
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Edition: | Second edition. |
Subjects: |
Table of Contents:
- Managing Outdoor Recreation
- Parks and Outdoor Recreation
- Conceptual Frameworks
- The dual mission of parks
- Common property resources
- Carrying capacity
- Limits of acceptable change
- Indicators and standards of quality
- Threefold framework of outdoor recreation
- Recreation opportunity spectrum
- An Outdoor Recreation Management Framework
- Conclusion
- Impacts of Outdoor Recreation
- Impacts to Park Resources
- Soil
- Vegetation
- Water
- Wildlife
- Air
- Natural quiet
- Natural darkness
- Historical/cultural resources
- Impacts to the Visitor Experience
- Crowding
- Conflict
- Depreciative behavior
- Impacts to Facilities/Services
- Attraction sites
- Trails
- Campgrounds/campsites
- Roads/parking areas
- Interpretive facilities/programs
- Conclusion
- Outdoor Recreation Management Practices
- Management Strategies
- Management Tactics or Practices
- Classification of Problem Behaviors
- Theories of Moral Development
- Communication Theory
- Conclusion
- Evaluating Outdoor Recreation Management Practices
- Information and Education
- Recreation use patterns
- Enhancing visitor knowledge
- Influencing visitor attitudes
- Depreciative behavior
- Related studies
- Guidelines for using information and education
- Use Rationing and Allocation
- Five management practices
- Fairness
- Effectiveness
- Pricing
- Acceptability
- Discrimination
- Differential pricing
- Principles of pricing
- Rules and Regulations
- Law Enforcement
- Zoning
- Facility Development, Site Design, and Maintenance
- Conclusion
- Applying Outdoor Recreation Management
- Management Matrices
- Observations on the Management Matrices and Appendices
- Case Studies
- Conclusion
- Case Studies in the National Parks
- Treading Lightly on Acadia
- Introduction
- Acadia National Park
- Managing Hiking in Acadia National Park
- Further Reading
- Building a Better Campsite Along the Appalachian Trail
- Introduction
- Appalachian National Scenic Trail
- Managing Camping Along the Appalachian Trail
- Further Reading
- Let There Be Light in Great Smoky Mountains
- Introduction
- Great Smoky Mountains National Park
- Managing the Viewing of Synchronous Fireflies
- Further Reading
- How Many Visitors is Too Many at Arches?
- Introduction
- Arches National Park
- Measuring and Managing Carrying Capacity
- Further Reading
- Protecting Biscayne's Underwater Treasures
- Introduction
- Biscayne National Park
- Managing Recreational Boating at Biscayne
- Further Reading
- Saving Bats at Mammoth Cave
- Introduction
- Mammoth Cave National Park
- Managing WNS at Mammoth Cave
- Further Reading
- Turning Off the Lights at Chaco
- Introduction
- Chaco Culture National Historical Park
- Managing Natural Darkness above Chaco Canyon
- Further Reading
- Busing Among the Grizzlies at Denali
- Introduction
- Denali National Park and Preserve
- The Denali Park Road
- The Denali Park Wilderness
- Wildlife as a Park Indicator
- Further Reading
- Winning the Lottery on the Colorado River
- Introduction
- Colorado River Management Plan
- Intensive Use Demands Intensive Management
- Further Reading
- The Ice Caves are Open, The Ice Caves are Open
- Introduction
- Apostle Islands National Lakeshore
- Managing Ice Cave Visitation
- Further Reading
- The Sounds of Silence in Muir Woods
- Introduction
- Muir Woods National Monument
- Managing the Natural Quiet of Muir Woods
- Further Reading
- Stewarding America's Antiquities at Mesa Verde
- Introduction
- Mesa Verde National Park
- Managing Mesa Verde
- Further Reading
- What Goes Up Mt. Whitney Must Come Down
- Introduction
- Sequoia National Park and the Inyo National Forest
- Managing Recreational Use on Mt.
- Whitney
- Further Reading
- Preventing the Petrified Forest from Disappearing
- Introduction
- Petrified Forest National Park
- Managing (and Minimizing) Theft of Petrified Wood
- Further Reading
- Containing Contaminants at Carlsbad Caverns
- Introduction
- Carlsbad Caverns National Park
- Managing Contaminants at Carlsbad Caverns
- Further Reading
- Bear Etiquette in Katmai
- Introduction
- Katmai National Park and Preserve
- Managing Visitors and Bears at the Brooks River Area
- Further Reading
- Don't Pick Up Aquatic Hitchhikers in Voyageurs
- Introduction
- Voyageurs National Park
- Managing Voyageurs' Water Resources
- Further Reading
- A Mountain with Handrails at Yosemite
- Introduction
- Yosemite National Park and Half Dome
- Studying and Managing Use of Half Dome
- This Page is Intentionally Left Blank
- Further Reading
- Doing the Zion Shuttle
- Introduction
- Zion National Park
- Managing Cars at Zion National Park
- Further Reading
- The Buzz from Above at Grand Canyon
- Introduction
- Managing Overflights in Grand Canyon National Park
- Further Reading
- Managing Monuments and Memorials at the National Mall
- Introduction
- National Mall and Memorial Parks
- Managing the National Mall
- Further Reading
- Climbing Towards Common Ground at Devils Tower
- Introduction
- Devils Tower Climbing Management Plan
- Fostering Mutual Respect at Bear Lodge
- Further Reading
- The Winter Wonderland of Yellowstone
- Introduction
- Yellowstone National Park
- Managing Winter Visitation in Yellowstone
- Further Reading
- Alternative Transportation at Grand Teton
- Introduction
- Grand Teton National Park
- Promoting Alternative Travel in Grand Teton
- Further Reading
- No Bad Trip in Glacier
- Introduction
- Glacier National Park
- Managing Backcountry Camping in Glacier
- Further Reading
- Conclusions
- Lessons Learned
- Principles of Managing Outdoor Recreation
- Parks and related outdoor recreation areas must be managed in ways that provide outdoor recreation opportunities but also protect park resources and the quality of the visitor experience
- Outdoor recreation management should be guided by a management-by-objectives framework
- Outdoor recreation management is an iterative, adaptive process
- Outdoor recreation should be managed within a threefold framework of concerns: resources, experiences, and management
- The Recreation Opportunity Spectrum should be used to help ensure diversity in outdoor recreation opportunities
- Outdoor recreation can impact parks and related areas in many ways, including park resources, visitor experiences, and park facilities and services
- Outdoor recreation can be managed using four basic strategies
- Outdoor recreation can be managed using six basic categories of management tactics or practices
- Outdoor recreation management problems can be addressed by more than one management strategy or practice
- Outdoor recreation management strategies and practices can address multiple problems
- Outdoor recreation management practices can be used to advance more than one management strategy
- Outdoor recreation management strategies can be advanced by more than one management practice
- Where possible, a reinforcing program of outdoor recreation management practices should be used
- Managers should think systematically, comprehensively, and creatively about the range of practices that might be used to manage outdoor recreation
- Outdoor recreation management practices should not be used simply because they are familiar or administratively expedient
- Potential unintended and undesirable consequences of outdoor recreation management practices should be identified and avoided
- Good information is needed to manage outdoor recreation effectively
- Management of outdoor recreation should be as informed as possible by understanding the cause of the impact or problem
- Outdoor recreation management decisions should be considered within the context of larger geographic scales
- Outdoor recreation management should focus on the impacts of recreation use, not use itself
- Limiting use is generally a last management option in outdoor recreation
- Limiting or rationing outdoor recreation use requires consideration of how limited opportunities for use will be allocated
- Indirect outdoor recreation management practices are generally preferred over direct management practices
- Intensive outdoor recreation use usually demands intensive management
- When and where warranted, outdoor recreation management should be designed to reach visitors before they arrive at parks and outdoor recreation areas
- The list of outdoor recreation activities and other uses of parks that need management consideration continues to evolve and expand
- The list of park and outdoor recreation "resources" that need protection continues to evolve and expand
- Variations in outdoor recreation management practices continue to evolve and expand
- Outdoor recreation management can impact the quality of the visitor experience both positively and negatively
- Caution should be med when dispersing visitor use as an outdoor recreation management practice
- Partnerships between park and related outdoor recreation management agencies and other groups and entities can be helpful in managing outdoor recreation
- Responsibility for managing outdoor recreation should be shared jointly by managers and researchers
- Quality in outdoor recreation is most appropriately defined as the degree to which recreation opportunities nicer the objectives for which they are managed
- Management of outdoor recreation should be conducted proactively, not reactively
- Managers must exercise their professional judgment in outdoor recreation management
- A strong program of management is vital to maintaining the quality of parks and outdoor recreation
- Conclusion.