Modern observational physical oceanography : understanding the global ocean /

"With the advent of computers, novel instruments, satellite technology, and increasingly powerful modeling tools, we know more about the ocean than ever before. Yet we also have a new generation of oceanographers who have become increasingly distanced from the object of their study. Ever-fewer...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Wunsch, Carl (Author)
Format: Book
Language:English
Published: Princeton : Princeton University Press, [2015]
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.amazon.com/Modern-Observational-Physical-Oceanography-Understanding/dp/0691158827/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1464689674&sr=8-1&keywords=9780691158822

MARC

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245 1 0 |a Modern observational physical oceanography :  |b understanding the global ocean /  |c Carl Wunsch. 
264 1 |a Princeton :  |b Princeton University Press,  |c [2015] 
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300 |a xv, 493 pages :  |b illustrations (some color) ;  |c 26 cm 
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520 |a "With the advent of computers, novel instruments, satellite technology, and increasingly powerful modeling tools, we know more about the ocean than ever before. Yet we also have a new generation of oceanographers who have become increasingly distanced from the object of their study. Ever-fewer scientists collect the observational data on which they base their research. Instead, many download information without always fully understanding how far removed it is from the original data, with opportunity for great misinterpretation. This textbook introduces modern physical oceanography to beginning graduate students and experienced practitioners in allied fields. Real observations are strongly emphasized, as is their implications for understanding the behavior of the global ocean. Written by a leading physical oceanographer, Physical Oceanography and the Oceanic General Circulation explains what the observational revolution of the past twenty-five years has taught us about the real, changing fluid ocean. Unlike any existing book, it provides a comprehensive and accessible treatment of the subject, covering everything from modern methods of observation and data analysis to the fluid dynamics and modeling of ocean processes and variability. Fully illustrated in color throughout, the book describes the fundamental concepts that are needed before delving into more advanced topics, including internal-inertial waves, tides, balanced motions, and large-scale circulation physics"--  |c Provided by publisher. 
504 |a Includes bibliographical references (pages 447-476) and index. 
505 0 |a 1. Introduction -- 2. Observing the ocean. Ships -- Navigation -- The Preelectronics Era -- The Electronics Era -- The rise of satellites -- Intermediate- and long-duration measurements -- Experiments and expeditions -- The frontier: duration -- Other generic observation issues -- 3. What does the ocean look like? Some physical descriptions -- Gross thermal and salinity properties -- Equations of motion -- Models -- 4. Linear wave dynamics. Background -- Surface gravity waves -- Cartesian approximations of the rotating system -- A stratified ocean -- Initail value-adjustment problems -- 5. Observations of internal and inertial waves. Introduction -- The Surprising Garrett and Munk Result -- Subelements of the spectrum -- 6. The tide disturbing potential and the MIlankovitch Forcing. Origin -- Pole tides -- Thermal tides -- Solid-earth tides, self-attraction and load, and atmospheric tides -- Tidal analysis -- The Milankovitch Problem -- 7. Observations of tides and related-phenomena. Tidal dynamics -- Tides of a flat-bottom ocean on a sphere 1 -- Cartesian approximations -- Tides of a flat-bottom ocean on sphere 2 -- Basic tidal observations -- Internal tides -- Dissipation: tidal friction -- 8. Balanced motions. The nature of the variability -- In situ observations -- Altimetric data: global characteristics -- Vertical structure -- Spectral interpretation -- Generation of balanced variability -- Dissipation of balance variabilty -- 9. The time-mean ocean circulation. Geostrophy and the dynamic method -- Global property-weighted transports -- Regional estimates -- Convective regions -- Ocean state estimates -- Global-scale solutions -- 10. Large-scale circulation physics. Theories of the wind-driven ocean -- Thermocline theories -- Western boundary currents -- The roles of eddies -- Testing mean dynamics -- 11. Interpreting and using the circulation. Energetics and mixing -- The Meridional overturning circulation -- Integrals and choke-points -- Time scales -- Consequences of memory -- Other physical aspects and regimes -- Sea level, the geoid, and related problems -- 12. Low-frequency, time-varyng, global-scale flow. Background -- Decadal-scale ocean variability: the recent past -- Sea-surface temperature -- A.A primer of analysis methods. Expectation and probability -- TImes Series Analysis: Fourier Methods -- Basci Fourier representations -- Autocorrelations and autocovariances -- Coherence and multiple time series -- Power and coherence in a wave field -- A note of confidence limits -- Spherical harmonics -- Making maps -- B. Inverse and state estimation methods. Inverse methods and inverse models -- Least-squares -- State estimation -- The observations -- Data assimilation and reanalyses -- C. Problematic terms and concepts -- D. Useful numerical values -- E. Notation, abbreviations, and acronyms. 
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856 |u http://www.amazon.com/Modern-Observational-Physical-Oceanography-Understanding/dp/0691158827/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1464689674&sr=8-1&keywords=9780691158822 
880 0 |6 505-00  |a 2.1.Ships -- 2.2.Navigation -- 2.3.The Preelectronics Era -- 2.4.The Electronics Era -- 2.5.The Rise of Satellites -- 2.6.Intermediate- and Long-Duration Measurements -- 2.7.Experiments and Expeditions -- 2.8.The Frontier: Duration -- 2.9.Other Generic Observation Issues -- An Interlude -- 3.1.Some Physical Descriptions -- 3.1.1.Gravity and the Shape of the Earth -- 3.1.2.Topography -- 3.1.3.Water Movement -- 3.2.Gross Thermal and Salinity Properties -- 3.2.1.A Global View of the Surface Ocean -- 3.2.2.The Atmospheric Forcing Structure -- 3.2.3.The Surface Layer -- 3.2.4.Abyssal Boundary Layers -- 3.3.Equations of Motion -- 3.3.1.The Sphere -- 3.3.2.Vorticity -- 3.3.3.How Big Are Terms-- 3.3.4.Geostrophy -- 3.3.5.Boundary Conditions -- 3.3.6.Cartesian Approximation -- 3.3.7.The β-Plane -- 3.3.8.Conservation Laws -- 3.3.9.Instability -- 3.4.Models -- 4.1.Background -- 4.2.Surface Gravity Waves -- 4.3.Cartesian Approximations of the Rotating System -- 4.3.1.Effects of Topography -- 4.4.A Stratified Ocean -- 4.4.1.Separation of Variables -- 4.4.2.The Sphere -- 4.4.3.Inertial Waves -- 4.4.4.Vertical Propagation-Infinitely Deep Ocean -- 4.4.5.Nonlinearities -- 4.4.6.Low Frequency Limits -- 4.5.Initial Value-Adjustment Problems -- 5.1.Introduction -- 5.2.The Surprising Garrett and Munk Result -- 5.3.Subelements of the Spectrum -- 5.3.1.Inertial Waves -- 5.3.2.Internal Tides -- 5.3.3.Vortical Modes -- 5.3.4.Deviations from the GM Spectrum and the Energy-Source Problem -- 5.3.5.Instabilities and Breaking of Internal Waves -- 6.1.Origin -- 6.1.1.Solar Gravitational Tides -- 6.1.2.Solar Motion -- 6.1.3.Lunar Tides -- 6.1.4.Combined Tides -- 6.2.Pole Tide -- 6.3.Thermal Tides -- 6.4.Solid-Earth Tides, Self-Attraction and Load, and Atmospheric Tides -- 6.4.1.The Atmosphere -- 6.5.Tidal Analysis -- 6.5.1.Frequency Domain Analysis -- 6.5.2.Hydrodynamic Nonlinearities -- 6.5.3.Time Domain Analysis -- 6.6.The Milankovitch Problem -- 7.1.Tidal Dynamics -- 7.2.Tides of a Flat-Bottom Ocean on a Sphere 1 -- 7.3.Cartesian Approximations -- 7.3.1.Atmospheric Tides -- 7.4.Tides of a Flat-Bottom Ocean on a Sphere 2 -- 7.5.Basic Tidal Observations -- 7.5.1.Distribution -- 7.5.2.The Many Tidal Constituents -- 7.6.Internal Tides -- 7.6.1.Changing Tidal Constituents -- 7.7.Dissipation: Tidal Friction -- 7.7.1.Paleotides and the History of Earth Rotation -- 8.1.The Nature of the Variability -- 8.1.1.The Forcing -- 8.2.In Situ Observations -- 8.2.1.Moorings -- 8.2.2.Shipborne Instruments -- 8.2.3.Float Observations -- 8.3.Altimetric Data: Global Characteristics -- 8.3.1.What Does the Altimeter See-- 8.3.2.Time-Domain Representations -- 8.3.3.Frequencies and Wave Numbers -- 8.4.Vertical Structure -- 8.5.Spectral Interpretation -- 8.5.1.Wavenumber Power Laws -- 8.5.2.Frequency Spectra -- 8.5.3.Wave-Like Features -- 8.5.4.Balanced Barotropic Basin Modes -- 8.5.5.Other Contributions: Vortical Modes -- 8.6.Generation of Balanced Variability -- 8.7.Dissipation of Balanced Variability -- 9.1.Geostrophy and the Dynamic Method -- 9.1.1.Resolving the Paradox: The Box Inverse Method -- 9.1.2.The a-Spiral -- 9.1.3.Needler's Formula -- 9.1.4.Qualitative Circulation Estimates -- 9.1.5.Circulation Estimates: Inverse Methods -- 9.2.Global Property-Weighted Transports -- 9.2.1.Global Heat, Freshwater, Nutrient and Oxygen Transports -- 9.3.Regional Estimates -- 9.4.Convective Regions -- 9.5.Ocean State Estimates -- 9.6.Global-Scale Solutions -- 9.6.1.Large-Scale Results -- 9.6.2.Long-Duration Estimates -- 9.6.3.Short-Duration Estimates -- 9.6.4.Global High-Resolution Solutions -- 9.6.5.Regional Solutions -- 10.1.Theories of the Wind-Driven Ocean -- 10.1.1.Stommel and Arons Abyssal Flows -- 10.2.Thermocline Theories -- 10.2.1.Nonlinear Theories -- 10.3.Western Boundary Currents -- 10.4.The Role of Eddies -- 10.5.Testing Mean Dynamics -- 10.5.1.The Annual Cycle -- 10.6.A Summary -- 11.1.Energetics and Mixing -- 11.1.1.Mean Energy Sources -- 11.1.2.Energy Sinks -- 11.1.3.Mixing Rates -- 11.2.The Meridional Overturning Circulation -- 11.3.Integrals and Choke-Points -- 11.4.Time Scales -- 11.4.1.Time Scales Based on Volume -- 11.4.2.Time Scales Based on Propagation and Advection -- 11.4.3.Time Scales from Diffusion and Viscosity -- 11.4.4.Time Scales Based on Energetics -- 11.4.5.Time Scales Based on Tracers -- 11.4.6.Dynamical Time Scales -- 11.5.Consequences of Memory -- 11.6.Other Physical Aspects and Regimes -- 11.7.Sea Level, the Geoid, and Related Problems -- 12.1.Background -- 12.1.1.Forcing Fields -- 12.1.2.Atmospheric Spectra -- 12.2.Decadal-Scale Ocean Variability: The Recent Past -- 12.2.1.Hydrographic Results -- 12.2.2.In Situ Measures of Circulation -- 12.2.3.Global Sea Level Change and Heat Uptake -- 12.2.4.The Tide-Gauge Era and Multidecadal Sea Level Changes -- 12.3.Sea-Surface Temperature -- A.A Primer of Analysis Methods -- A.1.Expectation and Probability -- A.2.Time Series Analysis: Fourier Methods -- A.2.1.Process Types -- A.3.Basic Fourier Representations -- A.3.1.Splitting -- A.3.2.Discrete Forms -- A.3.3.Convolution -- A.3.4.Miscellaneous Notes on Fourier Methods -- A.3.5.Randomness and Spectral Estimation -- A.4.Autocorrelations and Autocovariances -- A.5.Coherence and Multiple Time Series -- A.6.Power and Coherence in a Wave Field -- A.7.A Note on Confidence Limits -- A.8.Spherical Harmonics -- A.9.Making Maps -- B.Inverse and State Estimation Methods -- B.1.Inverse Methods and Inverse Models -- B.2.Least-Squares -- B.3.State Estimation -- B.4.The Observations -- B.5.Data Assimilation and Reanalyses -- C.Problematic Terms and Concepts -- D.Useful Numerical Values -- E.Notation, Abbreviations, and Acronyms. 
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